Impact on GPU production
- 18 % to - 25 %
Estimated deficit for Q2-Q3 2026 due to combined disruptions in process gases and advanced packaging bottlenecks.
Geopolitics
Semiconductors, strategic minerals, and dependence on resources concentrated among few actors.
AISHA synthesizes the combined impact of the Strait of Hormuz crisis, the prolonged conflict in Ukraine, and trade tensions on chip manufacturing and the physical infrastructure of data centers. The conclusion is uncomfortable: the industry can promise capacity, but it remains dependent on materials and industrial steps with very little real resilience.
Impact on GPU production
- 18 % to - 25 %
Estimated deficit for Q2-Q3 2026 due to combined disruptions in process gases and advanced packaging bottlenecks.
Data center deployment delay
+ 16 months
Power transformers, highly dependent on copper and specialized transport, continue stretching connection timelines.
Inference operational cost
+ 40 %
Simultaneous pressure on hardware, materials, and energy threatens the profitability of compute-intensive generative models.
Massive capital investment does not resolve a physical shortage in the short term. When the bottleneck is in helium, neon, resins, copper, or substrates, additional capex competes for the same resource instead of multiplying it.
Extreme geographic concentration in very specific steps turns every regional shock into a global problem. AISHA does not treat these dependencies as market noise, but as direct material limits on the pace of AI deployment.
Geopolitics doesn't just make hardware more expensive: it can also cut production, delay campuses, and shatter the fiction that capital always arrives before materials.
Choose a material to see its role in manufacturing, the real state of its vulnerability, and the pressure it exerts on the semiconductor and AI infrastructure chain.
Each card combines industrial function, geopolitical tension, and two quick visualizations: supply concentration and relative price evolution.
Industrial chains don't fail at a single point. AISHA shows how a regional energy shock can translate into a chemical blockage and, ultimately, into a direct constraint on building and connecting new AI campuses.
Four connected steps explain why a shock in the Persian Gulf can end up delaying already-financed campuses in the U.S. or Europe.
1 Persian Gulf refineries
Tension over Hormuz reduces regional refining and cuts the global availability of elemental sulfur, a basic input for multiple chemical chains.
2 Chemical industry
With less sulfur, sulfuric acid becomes more expensive and a competitive resource among fertilizers, heavy chemicals, and mining.
3 SX-EW mining
Part of the hydrometallurgical extraction of copper depends on abundant and cheap acid. When that fails, the deficit of an already critical metal worsens.
4 AI infrastructure
Less available copper means more delays in transformers, substations, and electrical connections; the campus may be financed and still not power on.
Pyrometallurgical mining and other industrial routes cushion part of the blow, but cannot quickly compensate for a severe shock to sulfur, heavy chemicals, and transformers.
This table summarizes operational criticality, supply concentration, and substitution capacity. Sortable headers help identify which materials expose AI the most when geopolitical shock and physical scarcity coincide.
Quick reading of concentration, commercial buffer, and potential effect on production and infrastructure deployment.
| Primary function | Commercial reserves | Substitutability | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helium (He) Qatar / U.S. | Cooling, CVD/ALD purge, and fiber optics | 32 % | 3 – 4 weeks | Low | High (- 15 %) |
| Neon (Ne) China / Korea | DUV lithography lasers | 45 % | 3 – 6 months | None | Critical (- 40 %) |
| Silicon / wafers Japan / Taiwan | Base substrate for advanced nodes | 55 % | 1 – 2 months | None | Total shutdown |
| Copper (Cu) Chile / D. R. of the Congo | Transformers, substations, and connections | 24 % | N/A | Low | Deployment delay |
| Ultrapure water Taiwan / Arizona | Wafer cleaning | 90 % | Days | None | Local shutdown |
| Fluorinated gases China / U.S. | Etching and chamber cleaning | 60 % | 1 – 3 months | Medium | Medium (- 5 %) |
| Palladium (Pd) Russia | Contacts and electrical components | 40 % | Months | Medium (gold) | Low |
| Germanium (Ge) China | SiGe, RF, and telecom | 60 % | Weeks | Low | High in RF and telecom |
| EUV resins Japan | Advanced photolithography | 85 % | Weeks | None | Shutdown at 3 nm / 2 nm |
| ABF substrate Japan (Ajinomoto) | Advanced packaging (CoWoS type) | 90 % | Scarce | None | AI GPU bottleneck |
AISHA cross-references concentration, possible substitution, and operational effect. Not all materials fail the same way, but several can block production or deployment even when the rest of the chain appears intact.
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